history of chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemums were first cultivated in China as a flowering herb as far back as the 15th century BC.^[2] The plant is renowned as one of the Four Gentlemen in Chinese and East Asian art. The plant is particularly significant during the Double Ninth Festival. The flower may have been brought to Japan in the eighth century AD^{[citation needed]}, and the Emperor adopted the flower as his official seal. The "Festival of Happiness" in Japan celebrates the flower.

The flower was brought to Europe in the 17th century^{[citation needed]}. Linnaeus named it from the Greek word χρυσός chrysous, "golden" (the colour of the original flowers), and ἄνθεμον -anthemon, meaning flower.

Chrysanthemums entered American horticulture in 1798 when Colonel John Stevens imported a cultivated variety known as 'Dark Purple' from England. The introduction was part of an effort to grow attractions within Elysian Fields in Hoboken, New Jersey.^[3]